Neuroscience 2 HyprPaper 2

A biker had a road accident. The immediate examination finds a paraparesis and a sensory level located at the xyphoid process. What dermatomal level was his loss of sensation?

What are the efferent fibers between the basal ganglia towards the cerebral cortex  that allow for a connection between the two?

Where is the third ventricle situated?

Which structure is NOT a part of the floor of the third ventricle?

What are the relations of the internal capsule?

Which structure is NOT a component of basal ganglia?

From which area of the brain does the trochlear nerve (IV) arise?

In which area of the brain is the facial colliculus located?

What order of neurons constitute the optic nerve?

Which pathway is involved in the ability to recognize an unseen familiar object placed in the hand?

What is the function of the spinocerebellar tract?

Which cell type is NOT present in cerebellar cortex?

Which sign is NOT seen in cerebellar lesions?

Which region of the brain would be affected by an occlusion of the posterior cerebral artery?

Which paranasal sinus can be absent in 5% of adults?

What is the nerve supplying the superior oblique muscle?

Accomodation of the pupils without constriction of the eyes when exposed to bright light is found in all of the following conditions except?

Name the neural structure, a lesion of which can lead to ptosis of the eyelid.

Which tendon passes through the pyramid of middle ear?

Which structure in the ear is developed from all the 3 germ layers?

Which structure is NOT developed to the adult size at birth?

With regards to the retinene bound to different opsins, what percentage does the Chlorolabe – green account for?

In the olfactory transduction process, opening of the cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel (CNG) leads to the influx of which ions?

What is the closest ionic composition of the fluid found within the scala media?

What is the predominant energy source for brain metabolism during prolonged starvation?

In the Erlanger-Gasser classification of nerve fibers, what is a characteristic of the A-beta fibers?

Which of the following bony combinations form the lateral wall of the orbit?

Which group of analgesics can interrupt pain sensation centrally as well as peripherally?

What nervous activity is lost on the left side below a hemisection of the spinal cord at mid-thoracic level on the left side?

What fibers or process is involved with the static stretch reflex?

What results in the development of hypersensitivity in the denervated neurones below the lesion?

What motor activity is characteristic of decerebate posturing?

What is involved in the process of transduction of the pleasant umami or savoury taste?

A term infant was found to have meningitis on day 4 of life. The blood, cerebrospinal fluid of the baby and high vaginal swab of the mother had the same isolate. Which organism is it most likely to be?

Concerning the cerebellar functional deficit, which one of the following symptoms/signs is paired correctly with the area of damage?

Problems will arise in which of the following motor functions if there is damage to the cerebrocerebellum?

A 5-year-old boy experienced a near-drowning episode at a friend’s birthday party. He was fully submerged for 5 minutes. Which cell types in the CNS would be most susceptible to damage in those circumstances?

A 35-year-old motorcyclist sustained a head injury in an accident. He was immediately unconscious but regained consciousness by the time the emergency squad arrived. In the emergency room, he developed somnolence and rapidly became comatose. A CT-scan showed fracture of the right temporal bone and a lens-shaped accumulation of blood on the right. Which blood vessel is most likely to have been damaged?

The mother of a 10-year-old boy was called to school as he was having “fits”. When she collected him, he was well but slightly drowsy. The history given in the emergency department was that over the prior few days he had vomited once or twice, but she thought he had a “stomach bug” and had given him some ginger tea. On examination, there were no further abnormal findings but the child could not cooperate fully with fundoscopy. Which radiological investigation would be most valuable as part of his initial assessment?

Which compound is an endocannabinoid?

A 20-year-old woman, who had no antenatal care, presents in labour at 38 weeks gestation. She delivers a dead baby with the greater part of the brain and skull vault absent. Deficiency of which of the following nutrients is associated with this defect?

Which tumour is NOT a glioma?

Loss of which set of intrastriatal neuron leads to Huntington’s chorea?

The most dominant pleasure area involves the dopaminergic pathways from the ventral tegmental area to which of the following areas of the brain?

Which artery forms the circle of Willis posteriorly?

A 22-year-old male was brought into the emergency room because he was involved in a motor vehicle accident. His GCS was 7 and he had bleeding from the left ear. What radiological investigation would be best suited to rule out a base of skull fracture?

What organism is most frequently found in subdural empyema?

Where is the sleep-producing zone that is involved in the genesis of slow wave sleep located in the brain?

Which of the following synpases is inhibitory?

To which of the following laminae do C fibers involved in pain transmission project?